What are the components of self-determination theory?

Self-Determination Theory (SDT) identifies three core components that are essential for fostering intrinsic motivation and overall psychological well-being: competence, autonomy, and relatedness.

Competence refers to the need to feel effective in one’s interactions with the environment and to experience opportunities to exercise and express one's capabilities. This component emphasizes the importance of developing mastery and gaining a sense of achievement in specific tasks or activities.

Autonomy involves the desire to be self-governing and to have control over one’s own actions. This requires individuals to feel that they have a choice in their activities and can make decisions based on their values and interests, rather than being pressured by external forces.

Relatedness is the need to feel connected to others, to care for others and be cared for in return. Establishing meaningful relationships can enhance motivation and facilitate a sense of belonging.

These three components collectively promote intrinsic motivation, leading to more sustained engagement and fulfillment in various activities, especially in the context of health promotion and wellness practices. The other options, while they may touch on relevant aspects of motivation and support, do not capture the essence of the self-determination theory as comprehensively.